TOEFLライティングのテンプレートを活用して高得点を狙おう！

こんにちは。TOEFLのライティングセクションで高得点を目指しているあなた、ライティングの対策に悩んでいませんか？
ここでは、TOEFLライティングのテンプレートについて詳しく解説します。
テンプレートを活用することで、ライティングの得点アップが期待できますよ。

TOEFLライティングの基本情報
テンプレートを使うメリット
Integrated Writing Taskのテンプレート
Independent Writing Taskのテンプレート
まとめ

TOEFLライティングの基本情報

TOEFLのライティングセクションでは、2つのタスクが出題されます。

– Integrated Writing Task（統合型ライティング）
– Independent Writing Task（独立型ライティング）

Integrated Writing Taskでは、読み物と講義を理解し、それらの関係性について説明する文章を書きます。一方、Independent Writing Taskでは、自分の意見を述べる文章を書きます。

どちらのタスクにも、制限時間と文字数の目安が設定されています。

– Integrated Writing Task：20分、150～225語
– Independent Writing Task：30分、300語以上

制限時間内に、指定された文字数の文章を書き上げる必要があるので、時間配分が重要になります。

テンプレートを使うメリット

OEFLライティングでは、テンプレートを使うことで以下のようなメリットがあります。

- 文章の構成が明確になる
- 時間配分がしやすくなる
- 書きやすくなる
- 評価項目を押さえた文章が書ける

テンプレートに沿って文章を書けば、論理的な構成の文章が書けます。また、時間配分がしやすくなるので、制限時間内に文章を仕上げることができます。

評価項目に合わせたテンプレートを使えば、採点者に高評価をもらえる文章が書けるでしょう。

Integrated Writing Taskのテンプレート

Integrated Writing Taskの典型的なテンプレートを紹介します。

“`
Introduction:
The reading and the lecture are both about [topic]. The author of the reading believes that [main point from reading]. However, the lecturer casts doubt on the claims made in the article. He/She points out [number of points] problems with the author’s argument.

Body paragraph 1:
First, according to the reading, [point 1 from reading]. The lecturer refutes this point by saying that [point 1 from lecture].

Body paragraph 2:
Second, the author suggests that [point 2 from reading]. In contrast, the lecturer argues that [point 2 from lecture].

Body paragraph 3 (if applicable):
Finally, the reading states that [point 3 from reading]. The lecturer, on the other hand, asserts that [point 3 from lecture].

Conclusion:
In conclusion, although the reading and the lecture are both about [topic], the two sources take opposing views on [main points]. While the author of the reading believes [main point from reading], the lecturer effectively challenges each of the author’s main points.
“`

このテンプレートに沿って、読み物と講義の内容を整理していきます。Introduction（導入）で読み物と講義の主題を述べ、Body paragraph（本文）で読み物と講義の主張を対比させながら説明します。Conclusion（結論）で全体をまとめれば、Integrated Writing Taskの文章が完成します。

具体的な例を挙げると、以下のようになります。

“`
Introduction:
The reading and the lecture are both about the benefits of online education. The author of the reading believes that online education is superior to traditional classroom education. However, the lecturer casts doubt on the claims made in the article. He points out three problems with the author’s argument.

Body paragraph 1:
First, according to the reading, online education is more convenient because students can learn at their own pace. The lecturer refutes this point by saying that online education requires a lot of self-discipline and motivation, which many students lack.

Body paragraph 2:
Second, the author suggests that online education is more cost-effective than traditional education. In contrast, the lecturer argues that online education often requires expensive technology and software, which can be a financial burden for students.

Body paragraph 3:
Finally, the reading states that online education provides a wider range of courses than traditional education. The lecturer, on the other hand, asserts that many online courses are poorly designed and lack interaction with instructors and peers, which is essential for effective learning.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, although the reading and the lecture are both about the benefits of online education, the two sources take opposing views on the topic. While the author of the reading believes that online education is more convenient, cost-effective, and provides a wider range of courses, the lecturer effectively challenges each of the author’s main points.
“`

このように、テンプレートに沿って読み物と講義の内容を整理することで、説得力のある文章を書くことができます。

Independent Writing Taskのテンプレート

Independent Writing Taskの典型的なテンプレートを紹介します。

“`
Introduction:
[General statement about the topic]. Some people believe that [one perspective on the topic]. However, I agree with those who argue that [your perspective on the topic]. I feel this way for [number of reasons] reasons, which I will explore in the following essay.

Body paragraph 1:
To begin with, [reason 1 to support your perspective]. [Explanation of reason 1 with examples/details].

Body paragraph 2:
Furthermore, [reason 2 to support your perspective]. [Explanation of reason 2 with examples/details].

Body paragraph 3 (optional):
Lastly, [reason 3 to support your perspective]. [Explanation of reason 3 with examples/details].

Conclusion:
In conclusion, although some people may believe [opposing perspective], I am of the opinion that [your perspective]. This is because [summary of reasons].
“`

このテンプレートでは、Introduction（導入）で自分の意見を明確に述べます。Body paragraph（本文）では、自分の意見を裏付ける理由を述べ、具体例を交えて説明します。

理由は2つ以上挙げるのが理想的ですが、3つ目の理由が思いつかない場合は無理に書く必要はありません。Conclusion（結論）で自分の意見を再度述べて、論証を締めくくります。

以下は、このテンプレートを使った例です。

“`
Introduction:
Education is a critical factor in determining an individual’s success in life. Some people believe that the best way to ensure a child’s academic success is to have them specialize in one subject from a young age. However, I agree with those who argue that children should study a wide range of subjects. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay.

Body paragraph 1:
To begin with, studying a variety of subjects helps children discover their true interests and passions. When children are exposed to different fields of study, they have the opportunity to explore various topics and find out what they are truly interested in. For example, a child who is passionate about art may not discover this interest if they are forced to specialize in science from a young age.

Body paragraph 2:
Furthermore, studying a wide range of subjects prepares children for the real world, where they will need a broad knowledge base to succeed. In today’s rapidly changing job market, it is essential to have a diverse set of skills and knowledge. For instance, a software engineer who has studied psychology may be better equipped to design user-friendly interfaces, while a businessman with a background in history may have a deeper understanding of global markets.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, although some people may believe that specializing in one subject from a young age is the key to academic success, I am of the opinion that children should study a wide range of subjects. This is because it helps them discover their true interests and passions, and prepares them for the diverse challenges of the real world.
“`

この例では、教育に関する一般的な意見に対して、自分の意見を述べています。そして、自分の意見を裏付ける2つの理由を具体例を交えて説明し、結論で自分の意見を再度強調しています。